Bakalaura grāds par specializēta kursa (vai pamatīgu 1 priekšmeta) sekmīgu apguvi, kurš ir arī pirmais akadēmiskais grāds.

Iznāk tā pagari, bet, ja to atšķirību nepieciešams uzsvērt ...
Īstenībā tas tiešām ir parasts bakalaura grāds, tikai atkarībā no pievienotā klasifikācijas rādītāja:

First-Class Honours (First or 1st)
Upper Second-Class Honours (2:1)
Lower Second-Class Honours (2:2)
Third-Class Honours (Third or 3rd)
Ordinary degree (Pass)
Fail (no degree is awarded)
karjeru tālāk veidot ir vieglāk vai sarežģītāk.

Tālāk ieskats šajā sistēmā:

A degree may be awarded with or without honours. Nowadays, nearly all candidates sit for honours; an ordinary (or pass) degree (i.e. a degree without honours) is usually awarded to a candidate who marginally fails the honours examination, or significant parts of it. A candidate who fails badly is usually allowed to retake the examination for a pass degree but most universities will not award such a student honours.

Most universities award a class of degree based on the average mark of the assessed work a candidate has completed. Below is a list of the possible classifications with common abbreviations. Honours degrees are in bold:

First-Class Honours (First or 1st)
Upper Second-Class Honours (2:1)
Lower Second-Class Honours (2:2)
Third-Class Honours (Third or 3rd)
Ordinary degree (Pass)
Fail (no degree is awarded)
The system does allow for a small amount of discretion and candidates may be elevated up to the next degree class if their average mark is close and they have submitted many pieces of work worthy of the higher class. However, they may be demoted a class if they fail to pass all parts of the course even if they have a high average.

There are also variations between universities (especially in Scotland, where honours are usually reserved only for courses lasting four years or more) and requirements other than the correct average are often needed to be awarded honours.

When a candidate is awarded a degree with honours, '(Hons)' is sometimes suffixed to their type of degree, such as BA(Hons) or BSc(Hons) but this is an unofficial practice.

At Oxford and Cambridge, honours classes apply to examinations, not to degrees. Thus, in Cambridge, where undergraduates are examined at the end of each Part of the Tripos, a student may receive different classifications for different Parts. The final Part is usually the only one to count towards classification of the degree. At Oxford, the Final Honour School results are generally applied to the degree.

In some universities, candidates who successfully complete one or more years of degree-level study, but choose not to or fail to complete a full degree, may be awarded a lower qualification — a Certificate of Higher Education or Higher National Certificate for one year, or a Diploma of Higher Education or Higher National Diploma for two years.


First-Class Honours
In most universities, First-Class Honours is the highest honours which can be achieved, with about 10% of candidates achieving a First nationally.

A minority of universities award First-Class Honours with Distinction, informally known as a Starred First.

A "Double First" can refer to First-Class Honours in two separate subjects, e.g. Classics and Mathematics, or alternatively to First-Class Honours in the same subject in subsequent examinations, e.g. subsequent Parts of the Tripos at the University of Cambridge. At Cambridge, it is even possible to obtain a Double-Starred First (noted recipients being Quentin Skinner, Alain de Botton, Lee Kuan Yew and Orlando Figes), or, in extremely rare cases such as Maurice Zinkin [1], Neal Ascherson and Rachel Orr[citation needed], a Triple-Starred First.

A Cambridge "Double First" originally referred to a first in two different Triposes. The phrase "Double First" originally referred to people who got firsts in both the classical and mathematical Triposes ("double men"). The two-Tripos criterion for a "double first", even in vaguely related subjects as English and History, constitutes a far higher hurdle than simply repeating the same performance in competition with the same students in a Part II of the same Tripos; it is harder because the subject matter is different, and the candidate has to reach a mark of excellence in competition with people who would have been studying the subject for longer at university level.


Second-Class Honours
The bulk of university graduates fall into Second-Class Honours, which is divided into Upper Second-Class Honours and Lower Second-Class Honours. These divisions are commonly abbreviated to 2:1 (pronounced two-one) and 2:2 (pronounced two-two) respectively. Although 2:1s and 2:2s are technically divisions of the same class (though a large one), the perceived difference between them is high (some employers only make the distinction between graduates with 2:1s and above, and those with 2:2s and below).


Third-class Honours
Third-Class Honours is the lowest honours classification in most modern universities. (Until the 1970s, Oxford used to award Fourth-class Honours degrees, although they did not divide Second-Class Honours and so still had four classes like everyone else.) Roughly 20% of students achieving an honours degree receive a Third.


Aegrotat degrees
A candidate who is unable to take his or her exams because of illness can sometimes be awarded an aegrotat degree; this is an honours degree without classification, awarded on the understanding that had the candidate not been unwell, he or she would have passed.


Progression to postgraduate study
Regulations governing the progression of undergraduate degree graduates to postgraduate programmes vary between universities, and are often flexible. A candidate for a postgraduate master's degree is usually required to have at least a 2:2 degree, although candidates with 2:1s are in a considerably stronger position to gain a place on a postgraduate course and to gain funding. Some institutions specify a 2:1. Candidates with a Third or ordinary degree are sometimes accepted, provided they have acquired satisfactory professional experience subsequent to graduation. A candidate for a doctoral programme who does not hold a master's degree is nearly always required to have a First or 2:1. For highly desirable programmes a First is usually required.



Augstākā izglītība

Augstākā izglītība Lielbritānijā ir studijas virs GCE-A, GNVQ-A vai NVQ 3. līmeņa. Augstākās izglītības kursus piedāvā universitātes, kā arī augstākās izglītības koledžas un iestādes- Colleges and Institutions of Higher Education (CIHE).

UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL- 3 kvalifikācijas:

BTEC/ SCOTVEC piešķirtās HNC/HND: HNC pēc 1 gada pilna laika apmācības vai 2 gadu daļlaika apmācības; HND pēc 2 gadu kursa

Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)-pēc 2 gadu kursa.

First degree (pirmais akadēmiskais grāds) var būt vairāku veidu:

honours degree- 1 priekšmeta pamatīga apguve

Joint/ Combined/ Double Honours degree- 2 vai vairāku priekšmetu kombinācija tajā pašā līmenī.

General Honours degree- mazāk specializēts kurss ar vairākiem priekšmetiem zemākā līmenī.

Ordinary/ Pass degree- viegls kurss ar dažiem priekšmetiem.

First degree parasti ir Bachelor: of Arts, of Science, of Education, of Engineering, of Law. Tas var būt arī: Graduate Diploma in Music, Master of Arts (Aberdīna, Edinburga, Dundee, Glāzgova, St. Andrew' s universitāte.)

Bachelor var būt arī post graduate: of Philosophy, of Divinity, of Architecture



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Note added at 1 day23 hrs (2006-12-10 15:45:00 GMT)
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Ja teksts nepieļauj garu tulkojumu, var izmantot "bakalaura grāds par sekmīgu specializāju/specializācijā"

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Note added at 2 days35 mins (2006-12-10 16:53:49 GMT) Post-grading
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Bet vai tas standarta tad nebūs "Ordinary/ Pass degree- viegls kurss ar dažiem priekšmetiem" ? Man tomēr labāk šķiet grāds specialializācijā, bet, protams, redzot visu tekstu, ir vieglāk spriest, kas der labāk.