4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Thank you very much, Ms Watanabe. This answer gave me the most help in understanding and translating the sentence. I'm sure that the interpretation in your "Explanation" section is globally correct for the sentence I was working on. It's interesting that メスを入れる is said to mean "to change (something)." That sense doesn't seem to be in dictionaries. I'd like to see other examples of that usage. I do appreciate the other answers, too, and the suggestion that メスを入れる means "challenge" in this context seems very reasonable. In fact, I have used it in the current version of my translation: "Another example is Bitcoin, which is beginning to present a challenge to monetary authorities such as they have not faced in centuries; and as its influence may threaten economic foundations, there are examples of governments restricting it, as in China." I'd welcome any further comments, though. By the way, in my original question, I meant to give definitions of メスを入れる, of course, not メスを入れられる. "