Glossary entry (derived from question below)
English term or phrase:
crude
English answer:
untreated, raw, in its natural state
Added to glossary by
NancyLynn
Aug 24, 2004 23:34
19 yrs ago
16 viewers *
English term
crude
English
Tech/Engineering
Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
Context: A solution of the compound of example 1 (12.5 kg, crude) in absolute ethanol (50 L) was charged to a 20 gallon reactor equipped with a pressure gauge.
What does "crude"mean here
Thank you in advacne!
What does "crude"mean here
Thank you in advacne!
Responses
4 +7 | untreated | NancyLynn |
4 +2 | natural state | ozbos |
4 +1 | ~ | DGK T-I |
3 +2 | unpurified/as prepared | David Sirett |
Responses
+7
12 mins
Selected
untreated
-
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Note added at 3 hrs 1 min (2004-08-25 02:35:38 GMT)
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Webster\'s: Crude: raw, in a natural state, untreated, (crude oil)
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs 1 min (2004-08-25 02:35:38 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Webster\'s: Crude: raw, in a natural state, untreated, (crude oil)
Peer comment(s):
agree |
Martine Brault
: makes sense. j'avais mal vu la langue d'arrivée :)
4 mins
|
easy to overlook ;-) merci
|
|
agree |
Saleh Chowdhury, Ph.D.
2 hrs
|
agree |
stra
6 hrs
|
agree |
Jörgen Slet
: in this case, unpurified
8 hrs
|
agree |
Alfa Trans (X)
9 hrs
|
agree |
Orla Ryan
9 hrs
|
agree |
Ramesh Madhavan
12 hrs
|
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Graded automatically based on peer agreement."
+2
1 hr
natural state
material in natural state , not refined or manufactured.
+1
6 hrs
~
Asker wrote:
"The solution is artificially prepared. Perhaps the "crude" means since preparation, the solution is not changed, still keeing its original state."
The compound dissoved in the solution is 'crude' not the solution in ethanol.
A crude weight of 12.5 kg of the compound is dissolved.
If 12.5 kg of recrystalized, refined (etc) compound was dissolved, a different amount of the compound would be present (leaving aside the question of impurities, that may or may not be important, depending on what is needed).
eg:
"From this experience and discussion with Dr. Jennifer Kowalski (a previous worker in ureidopeptides) I was able to determine the precise conditions needed for the reaction, and made a second attempt that gave a 23% crude yield. I had to dry load the column for flash column chromatography to purify, giving a 9% yield of pure product. This was not good at all."
http://www.chem.purdue.edu/chm499/research report.doc
"Prepare a hot solution of potassium oxalate (4.3 g)
in water (8 mL). Slowly add the iron nitrate
solution to the hot aqueous oxalate. Filter hot if
any precipitate forms. Thoroughly cool the clear
solution in an ice bath for 10 - 15 minutes. Scratch
the sides of the container with a glass rod to induce crystallisation. Vacuum filter the crystals and wash
with ice-cold water (5 mL). Air-dry by pulling air through the residue for 10 minutes and record the crude
weight.
Please read the notes in experiment 3 about recrystallisation techniques. In each team, two members (A
& B) should keep 1.5 g crude material separate for later use. Recrystallise the rest (for members A & B)
and all of the crude (for members C & D) by dissolving in the minimum of hot water and filtering it hot.
Wash the residue with 1-2 mL of hot water and allow the washings to drip into the filtrate. Cool this filtrate
in ice and filter the new precipitate. Wash with ice-cold water (5 mL) and then twice with ice-cold...."
eg:
http://www.mcmaster.ca/cll/posped/pastissues/volume.1.no.2/d...
"Dissolve iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate (3.0 g) in
water (3 mL). Filter if necessary.
Prepare a hot solution of potassium oxalate (4.3 g)
in water (8 mL). Slowly add the iron nitrate
solution to the hot aqueous oxalate. Filter hot if
any precipitate forms. Thoroughly cool the clear
solution in an ice bath for 10 - 15 minutes. Scratch
the sides of the container with a glass rod to induce crystallisation. Vacuum filter the crystals and wash
with ice-cold water (5 mL). Air-dry by pulling air through the residue for 10 minutes and record the crude weight"
http://www.mcmaster.ca/cll/posped/pastissues/volume.1.no.2/d...
http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=cache:UqGAP54fblQJ:www.mcma...
"The solution is artificially prepared. Perhaps the "crude" means since preparation, the solution is not changed, still keeing its original state."
The compound dissoved in the solution is 'crude' not the solution in ethanol.
A crude weight of 12.5 kg of the compound is dissolved.
If 12.5 kg of recrystalized, refined (etc) compound was dissolved, a different amount of the compound would be present (leaving aside the question of impurities, that may or may not be important, depending on what is needed).
eg:
"From this experience and discussion with Dr. Jennifer Kowalski (a previous worker in ureidopeptides) I was able to determine the precise conditions needed for the reaction, and made a second attempt that gave a 23% crude yield. I had to dry load the column for flash column chromatography to purify, giving a 9% yield of pure product. This was not good at all."
http://www.chem.purdue.edu/chm499/research report.doc
"Prepare a hot solution of potassium oxalate (4.3 g)
in water (8 mL). Slowly add the iron nitrate
solution to the hot aqueous oxalate. Filter hot if
any precipitate forms. Thoroughly cool the clear
solution in an ice bath for 10 - 15 minutes. Scratch
the sides of the container with a glass rod to induce crystallisation. Vacuum filter the crystals and wash
with ice-cold water (5 mL). Air-dry by pulling air through the residue for 10 minutes and record the crude
weight.
Please read the notes in experiment 3 about recrystallisation techniques. In each team, two members (A
& B) should keep 1.5 g crude material separate for later use. Recrystallise the rest (for members A & B)
and all of the crude (for members C & D) by dissolving in the minimum of hot water and filtering it hot.
Wash the residue with 1-2 mL of hot water and allow the washings to drip into the filtrate. Cool this filtrate
in ice and filter the new precipitate. Wash with ice-cold water (5 mL) and then twice with ice-cold...."
eg:
http://www.mcmaster.ca/cll/posped/pastissues/volume.1.no.2/d...
"Dissolve iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate (3.0 g) in
water (3 mL). Filter if necessary.
Prepare a hot solution of potassium oxalate (4.3 g)
in water (8 mL). Slowly add the iron nitrate
solution to the hot aqueous oxalate. Filter hot if
any precipitate forms. Thoroughly cool the clear
solution in an ice bath for 10 - 15 minutes. Scratch
the sides of the container with a glass rod to induce crystallisation. Vacuum filter the crystals and wash
with ice-cold water (5 mL). Air-dry by pulling air through the residue for 10 minutes and record the crude weight"
http://www.mcmaster.ca/cll/posped/pastissues/volume.1.no.2/d...
http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=cache:UqGAP54fblQJ:www.mcma...
Peer comment(s):
agree |
Jörgen Slet
: the examples explain the context to an "uninitiated" pretty well // Added: I trust he is, judging from his Kudoz track record :)
4 hrs
|
thanks Jurgen - that was my aim (from the point of view of English terms), although I'm sure Jianming is knowlegeable about the Chinese terms
|
+2
7 hrs
unpurified/as prepared
Means that "the compound of example 1" was used as synthesized, without further purification.
Peer comment(s):
agree |
Jörgen Slet
: "used as synthesized, without further purification" catches the meaning precisely
1 hr
|
agree |
DGK T-I
: indeed that is what it means ~
4 hrs
|
Discussion